Although a better year on year performance than many other months in a challenging 2020, the fall in output masks a particularly weak November 2019 when precautionary factory shutdowns in anticipation of a potential ‘no deal’ Brexit on 31 October depressed output.

November saw 1,501 fewer cars made than in the same month last year, as many of the factors present throughout much of 2020 conspired to dampen domestic orders, not least a second national lockdown in England and subsequent economic and political turbulence. Export volumes were flat, up just 0.3% and equivalent to a rise of 310 units, boosted by shipments to key markets in the EU, Asia and the US.

More than eight in 10 (85.3%) cars built in November were built for export, highlighting the critical importance of free and fair trade with global markets to UK car makers.

In the 11 months to November, total UK car production is now down -31.0% compared with the same period in 2019, representing a loss of 380,809 models at a cost of some £10.5 billion to the sector.

This puts the industry on course to produce fewer than a million cars this year for only the second time since the early eighties and facing a tough future with potential further production losses amounting to £55.4bn over the next five years if the sector is forced to trade on WTO conditions in a ‘no deal’ Brexit.

Mike Hawes, SMMT chief executive, said: “Yet another decline for UK car production is of course concerning, but not nearly as concerning as the New Year nightmare facing the automotive industry if we do not get a Brexit deal that works for the sector.

“With just nine days to go, the threat of ‘no deal’ is palpable and the sector, now also reeling from the latest coronavirus resurgence, Tier 4 showroom lockdowns and disruption at critical UK ports, needs more than ever the tariff-free trading arrangements on which our competitiveness is founded.

“It is finally make or break time, as being forced to trade on WTO terms would be a hammer blow for many automotive businesses, workers and their families, so we must get a deal – and one that avoids the devastation of punitive tariffs for all automotive products, from day one. For the long-term survival of UK Automotive, there is quite simply no other option.”

SMMT has said that while any deal at any time before 31 December is better than no deal at all, it is now all but impossible for automotive businesses to be ready and many critical questions remain unanswered. Should an agreement be reached, it will need swift ratification by Parliaments, flexible rules of origin thresholds for hybrid vehicles and batteries and a suitable phase in period to allow supply chains to adapt.

The society has also said that urgent clarity, in the event of a deal, would also be needed on proof of origin requirements to ensure qualification for tariff-free trade from 1 January, as well as a 12-month grace period on supplier declarations, with reciprocal facilitation measures by our European counterparts.

SMMT added that these measures are essential to help guarantee the future health of the British automotive sector, which is a vital part of the UK economy, turning over an annual £78.9bn and representing the country’s biggest exporter of goods, accounting for 13% of total exports.

It also invests more than £3bn each year, as standard, in automotive R&D and employs 180,000 people directly in manufacturing – often in high skilled, high value jobs, with the average wage 21% higher than the UK average.